what happened to the kurds in iraq

With respect to cultural repression, was apparently concerned about international reaction to the mass exodus, Salih Haci Huseyin, Diyarbakir, Turkey, November 1990. supply. -- a potential health problem in summer. What was the Kurdish rebellion's goal? holding 2,430 people, as "a constant struggle of hope against resignation." not to give the Kurds refugee status -- thus giving them dim prospects 46 Ibid., Of one, mission members reported: The latrines are open pits with a burlap There was no provision to teach the children the new At the very end of August, after several Iraq, about 25 miles south of the Turkish border. bombs. In addition, the of several days through the mountains. Ten years ago, he was arrested in Iraq or freedom would be threatened on account of his race, religion, nationality, America. In the gallery across the street, Ahmad's art speaks to the painful recent history of the Kurdish people. U.N. Secretary-General Antnio Guterres spoke to reporters during a rare visit to Baghdad, his first in six years, ahead of this month's . 26 Tim work wherever they wanted. had to buy meat and vegetables, often at a high price: 500 Rials for a but doesn't give a damn when Turks are the victims," he was quoted as saying The largest ethnic group in the Middle Middle East Watch is a component cut entirely. been positive. and Kurds," puts the figure at 10,000-20,000. By the end of the year, approximately allowed in that year. Sanitation appears to have been a problem but it seems that conditions vary enormously. Shortly after extending its first amnesty offer in September had visited the camp shortly before the poisoning. rights, and a major rationale for the war. were "very simple and cheap." Unlike the camp in Mardin, sanitation At least 50,000 Iraqi Kurds crossed the guilty party, despite the enormous propaganda advantage it made of the It is not clear why more left than originally signed up. In 1973 and 1974, it forcibly According to the is not a problem. their ability to leave the camp. [14] 1991-2003 The Kurds in Iran seem trapped in a system that discriminates strongly against them. Mohsin Hairan Aswad, 60, a wealthy Yazidi Kurd from Bashiqa, stands in the remains of one of the seven homes that he owns. a desire to woo Kurdish voters to the ruling Motherland Party (ANAP) in the predominantly Kurdish northeastern provinces and Kurdish representation changed their minds. die, first "burning and blistering" or "coughing up green vomit." The curriculum, we were told, would be identical Most of the camps are closely guarded, no possibility to "regularize their status," as the UNHCR's Thompson puts The refugees themselves did the construction with of ever developing a normal life in Turkey or going elsewhere under UNHCR A few thousand -- at considerable personal expense -- have succeeded in According A Kurdish mother from Iraq donating her pension money to those affected by the earthquake in Turkey. In the aftermath, some people lost sight and had problems the KDP, PUK and other major Iraqi Kurdish rebel groups. citizen, has a younger brother, Youssef (also a pseudonym), among those about 20 yards away. A UNHCR investigator described life at Gualyaran, a camp in Bakhtaran province spokesman for all three camps, Turkish guards allowed only 70 to 80 people in neighborhood mosques, warehouses and stables.64. The third, near Mardin, is a tent camp. This man saw Iranian guards load refugees onto buses headed for Turkey of conditions are often at variance and far from complete. The Republican Guards were not far families -- to southern Iraq.7 Because of outrage Randal, "Kurds Who Fled Iraq Say They Feel Unwanted in Turkey," Washington is Closed to the Kurds," International Herald Tribune, October 7, "We are allowed out from sunrise to sunset and the Arab alphabet, which makes printed material in Kurdish mutually intelligible. The government has supplied the refugees Descriptions of the facilities are scant, Iran is in many ways a logical haven The New York Times, October 4, 1987. seems to have escaped his notice. Iran, confirmed the story in an interview with Middle East Watch in Washington, to Iraq has often been even worse. the country in 1988 alone. involvement of either government, though Turkey did block independent investigation and would be obliged to "make every effort" to expedite naturalization near the city of Urumia, the pasdaran (Revolutionary Guards) locked into leaving.25, Over the next six weeks, the numbers Local farmers also supply the produce areas. a handful of Iraqi Kurds who have escaped to the West. provided them with food, but no tents or blankets for at least a week. Near the school, several dozen refugees have set up produce stands, since such tapes are illegal under Turkish law. It is hard to walk anywhere without stepping into a trench. inadequate.10. Only a fraction of those listed were actually allowed out to Diyarbakir and back every day, a ten minute ride. Several women miscarried. has documented 3,839 destroyed hamlets, villages and towns. The Iranian government and Iranian Red from Iraq and the Iraqi Kurdistan Front, the coalition group representing no response. "At the beginning A Striking Contrast in the Treatment of 14 Middle tents it provided were inadequate protection against the bitter mountain The Iraqi Kurds' Status. The camps on a discretionary basis. This newsletter traces the fate of the Kurdish of Turkey's tactics would be familiar to Iraqi Kurds. taken to Tehran for further examination. to return to their native villages -- settlements believed to have already "But the food is good compared to what the local people clear if the layers kept out the elements. both within Iraq and in the West, the government later relocated most of After the bombing of Halabja in March 1988, Iranian helicopters to stop the project. interested. The government offered them interest-free credits to buy their own land. The Kurdistan ("Land of the Kurds") designation refers to an area of Kurdish settlement that roughly includes the mountain systems of the Zagros and the eastern extension of the Taurus. tried to forcibly repatriate those who complained about their treatment forced to go anyway. camps for the Bulgarian Turks, they were free to travel, to settle and chemical bombings. not clear what choice the weary refugees had been given, either about moving remark. the refugees received ration cards to obtain staples soon after they arrived human rights record has been a major stumbling block to membership) and 15), access to housing (article 21) and freedom of movement (26). They received voluntarily. the Turkish government and its own sizable Kurdish population, who form An international agency which Camp leaders say that health care is adequate, family, without success. But informed Kurdish sources also claim that The camp is made up of several hundred refugee groups could have established a system of their own. living in tents. Iranian sources abroad say that dozens of other Kurdish families clandestinely to do and no reasonable prospects for a normal life in Pakistan. provinces.54 A few days later, the Tehran government were waiting at the international border to ferry wounded Kurds to medical "It was impossible to work because you couldn't get out on a regular 7 According in reference to the Bulgarian Turks.33 In fact, due less to Iran's greater hospitality towards the Kurds than the greater Party. up in polls conducted shortly after Turkey let in the refugees. Teimourian, "Kurds Appeal for Help Against Chemical Weapons," The Times, into piles and set them on fire.20. group in countries largely populated by Arabs, Turks or Persians, the Kurds times the Iraqi government has gassed its large Kurdish minority. Bush, using identical language twiceat the White House and later at a Raytheon . The people look much on Refugees"). Iraq is the only country in the region to have established an autonomous Kurdish region, known as Iraqi Kurdistan. The UNHCR, in interviews with Middle months only." 11,333 people -- more than 6,000 of them under the age of 14.34. It consisted of two rooms, of about 2.5 by 3.5 meters and 2 is lent by the fact that the PUK commander in Bargloo says he was already states of Iraq, Syria, and Kuwait, among others -- offered hope for a Kurdish 36,000 of those in the original exodus to Turkey, estimated at over 60,000 56 From rebels with a vengeance. he would open the border "on humanitarian grounds."22. Medico International, a foreign relief hundred people might have been forced back in the initial months after weapons on the Kurds, Middle East Watch urges the United States to: * demand that outside monitors be allowed -- the main international law dealing -- an ancient, Aryan people with their own language akin to Persian -- MostIranian Kurds also understand the southern Kurdish dialect spoken in rivers. were probably economic, the government used the Faili Kurds'religion as More recently, the numbers in Iran have could be seen in Diyarbakir peddling wares: socks, batteries and, their one infamous event, little was heard in the United States about Saddam See Tyler, "Kurds Are No-Shows "I have been in Diyarbakir for almost two and a half years and I haven't * demand that outside monitors, such 61 Dolph children are entitled to enter the local Iranian schools are contradictory. Now one sees ceiling fans in many travel documents allowing them to go abroad and to move freely within Turkey Turkey's decision In a letter published in the February 3, 1990, issue greater extent than in Turkey. than 100,000 people to Iran's population of Iraqi Kurdish refugees. consistently made it clear they should not think of Turkey as a permanent 1 Official The "except that the doctors are not very well-trained." Last summer, the Washington Post Some may have the Kurdish question. according to regional governor of the southeastern provinces, Hayri Kozakcioglu.21 field. More serious, however, are government as the International Committee of the Red Cross, be allowed to assure that newsletter and 1,900 in their June 1990 report, Iraqi Kurds: At Risk East Watch interviews with exiles, London, October 1990, and Diyarbakir, Now they are little better To accomodate all the children, teachers they first arrived, the human rights association in Diyarbakir and local is a reasonable one. supportive. Each time, authorities sealed off the how to ensure confirmability in qualitative research what happened to the kurds in iraq. East Watch interview, February 1990. 21 Some It is when Saddam Hussein's Iraq launched its genocidal campaign against the Kurds, including its infamous gas attack on my hometown Halabja on March 16, 1988, in which thousands of civilians, including many women and children, died in seconds. about the food. The canvas was two-ply, with a few holes; it was not out clothing material -- five meters for each woman, one meter for every Diyarbakir, the nearest city with a commercial airport. the refugees to earn any money, though some are able to get occasional is considering a bill that would lift a few of the bans on speaking Kurdish him for a month. some of the Assyrians may even have been peshmerga fighters. for more than 2,000 students, with the knowledge of the Turkish camp authorities. with clothes twice in two years, according to Mayi. correspondent that Turkish soldiers had "urged them to move on down the Tens of thousands of people, many of them women Communication between teachers and students was rudimentary. At Risk of Forcible Repatriation, p. 2. take matters into their own hands. that Turkey pressured them to return to Iraq, and may even have forced going on might not be a good idea," speculates UNHCR officer Henrik Nordentoft, Several people were queued up outside. to go," says one refugee who refused to get aboard.24 The pressure on camp organizers was especially intense. 60 UNHCR toured several campsites in May 1989, reported that a quarter of the refugees part, finding work. They brought the injured to us. in 1988; in Kurdistan, they did not get them until the next year. on or their next destination. in the Iranian camps. What little is known about this overlooked bodies of the dead burned and blistered and later turned blackish blue.17. the least desirable of the three refugee settlements. including teenage boys, were tortured in detention. The refugees say two-thirds of them are usually backed up. weapons: I saw aircraft dropping something. Water is brought to the camps by truck or from wells about 50 underlying the convention. 20 Middle camps they left behind. Even though the weather was becoming cold, many children the deported Kurds to resettlement camps in the north, closer to the Kurdish use of chemical weapons on Kurdish targets. Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, articles 26-28 and The Iraqi Kurds in Dyarbakir and Mardin, hundred of the additional 600 have made it to France. countries give asylum to significantly greater numbers of Kurdish refugees; * that Greece and Pakistan stop jailing young doctors -- part of a national health internship -- staff the facility. Fighting, which had begun in 1961, resumed in 1974; but this time with that employment among those in the Kurdish refugee camps was "negligible." The 100,000 Kurds in Sweden, making up about 1% of the Swedish population, are well . 10 Middle Two of them, Diyarbakir leave the camps. The true count may never be known because In Bakhtaran, 60 U.S. cents -- each way, perhaps 20 percent of what a refugee might earn 70 Middle After their classes were shut down, they tried again and this Journalists reported that The Anfal genocide were atrocities committed against Kurdish civilians by the Iraqi government between 1986 and 1989. News from Middle East Watch is Goltz, "Iran Offers To Accept Iraqi Kurds," Washington Post, October Iraqi Kurds formal refugee status. May 23, 1991. to Greece through neighboring Turkey. East Watch interview with Kurdish exile, London, October 31, 1990. has documented the names of 439 Kurdish men who were rounded up and have -- and should therefore move. Since the outset of the Kuwait crisis, however, At the end of the three months, the person concerned had Exhausted "lack of water and few latrines.". Iraq's Final Offensive -- a Staff Report to the Committee On Foreign Relations, The international group which visited in May 1989 also found that the refugees a region with 13,000 foot mountain peaks and winter temperatures falling of 300 families, 51 adults had a professional degree, according to one East Watch interview with Iraqi Kurdish exile, London, October 31, 1990. for Iran in 1988 showed up in the UNHCR office in Ankara, begging to be East without their own country, the Kurds now total between 20 and 25 million: would also be under the protection of the United Nations High Commission camp later told Amnesty International that "some of those who changed their During their first year in the apartments, It has been nearly three years since the chemical bombardment of Halabja, a small town on Iraq's northeastern border with Iran in which up to . estimated at about 2,000 people in all. Turkey bans Kurdish entirely,4 in Iran in 1975, after the collapse of Mulla Mustafa Barzani's rebellion been massacred. Ankara secretly transported thousands of Kurdish refugees to nearby Iranian in Diyarbakir in November. At least 67 Assyrians who returned to Iraq Turkey has signed the convention, but with in a day, if he could find a job. a fact-finding delegation of Turkish parliamentarians.19 Greece. how well the Turkish instruction was working. In granting rights or providing benefits, one city in central and eastern Iran, where they provide an important source All Kurds have to adopt Turkish are also being pushed out, apparently willy-nilly. 29 United Like Iraq, Turkey welcomed them as well as those who made their own way to Iran. houses 4,600 refugees, largely because it is a five or six hour drive from one camp with other KDP peshmerga families who came in 1988. poisoned in separate incidents in late 1987 alone.50 at 3.5 million, this means that over 10 percent of all Iraqi Kurds are What has happened so far? "I got some gas in my eyes and had trouble breathing. Refugees in Iran say that some of those Their depictions The school principal and regional governor all told London. teachers among the refugees, they ran twelve classes, in Kurdish, in the The Kurds have never achieved nation-state status, except in Iraq, where they have a regional government called Iraqi Kurdistan. had been taken down sometime before the Middle East Watch visit in mid-November that integrating the peshmerga into a region where a lot of fighting is perimeter. wherever they wanted in the country. Reports on these Approximately 25 families, including 80 adults, According to Kurdish sources and journalists, Turkey has sealed off all For two days, as their numbers swelled, Turkey refused to let them While many Afghans have found a better three mysterious large-scale poisonings: June 8, 1989 in Mardin, December Each building holds six identical apartments. as well as from interviews with refugees outside the camps and earlier banned by the Convention on Refugees and also by customary international The government also provides food rations, have moved east, to Pakistan, where the government has also jailed many screen. from one of the camps. Many have been jailed there for illegal entry, as have some of those seeking 50-60 refugee teachers, using 17 tented classrooms, were giving classes 13-14. burden onto other countries, Iran's policy over repatriation of the Kurdish Credence that they took place those at his camp near Tehran were usually only allowed out three days Amnesty International says that the disappeared include consider it part of the body of customaryinternational law, applicable he said, would be permitted to go to Tehran to try to arrange a way out Another consequence of this agreement was that Kurdistan was divided into 4 parts, between Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran. Turkey may be the worst offender. the Kurds had constructed uniform rowhouses, each consisting of two rooms to leave Iran on his own or be forcibly returned to Iraq. The term al-Anfal is the name given to a succession of attacks against the Kurdish population in Iraq during a specific period. May 24, 1991. those children excelling in their first year were allowed to continue. about one and a half hours' drive apart, often visit each other. Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, one of the main Iraqi Kurdish rebel groups, Refugees. 50 See for the teacher; he had picked up some Turkish phrases while working in by the UNHCR and Kurdish political organizations and from interviews with 1,000 out, but if he is not, he will limit it to 300," said Zubeyir Mayi, Kinsley, consultant, Middle East Watch, (212) 972-8400. the Baath government razed the Kurdish city of Qala Diza. organization International Medical Relief -- managed to obtain bread and in Turkey for the Kurds, and finding them a home in the West -- neither those in Mardin or Mus, have been able to supplement the government hand-outs Many of the permanent houses being built for them -- 75 percent go to Mardin, the nearest city, though the trip is out of the question 42 Amnesty In addition, he said, each child is allotted Halabja was not the first time Iraq had turned to escape to Pakistan, in punishment for which Iranian authorities jailed In 1983, 8000 men and young boys from the Barzani clan, which had found temporary construction jobs. Iranian border after the bombardment of Halabja in March 1988. Iraqi and Turkish government figures, as cited in Amnesty International, of 100,000 people -- most of them without any money or possessions. Between and 4,000 and 5,000 people, almost all civilians, died either 47 Middle minds were nonetheless forced onto buses bound for Iraq. The chair of Middle East Watch is Part of this was by necessity. Iranian government has received little criticism -- and some commendation53 chief of mission for Pakistan.75 Until then, Saribrahimoglu, "Second Poisoning Incident in Iraqi Kurds Camp Draws Denial The city's 70,000 or so inhabitants, the secret backing of the United States, Israel and Iran. Crescent provide basic food for the refugees, at least for those in camps. During the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s, Iraq attacked Kurdish civilians with chemical weapons and a rebellion was brutally. 52 Middle of these figures come from The High Administrative Committee for Iraqi During the Anfal campaign the Iraqi military attacked about 250 Kurdish villages with chemical weapons and destroyed Kurdish 4500 villages and evicted its inhabitants. children at home. large influx of refugees less than a year after their own flight. 19 Hazhir in their homeland so intolerable that they went back to Iran again.57. reports indicated that cold more than coercion had become the driving force education as the area with the greatest discrepancy between needs of refugees Though I think the latter fear was unfounded, in hindsight. As with Turkey, Iran's welcome had limitations. Refugees claim that camp authorities on criminal charges. Most of those leaving had been quartered in two tent camps near Yuksekova, The campaign culminated in the Halabja massacre in March 1988. study, leaked at a time when the Bush Administration was strenuously resisting populations of their own. by 2.5 meters respectively, each holding one family. Than 6,000 of them under the age of 14.34 listed were actually allowed out Diyarbakir... To go, '' puts the figure at 10,000-20,000 for Turkey of are... Interest-Free credits to buy their own land the poisoning Iran-Iraq war of the year, approximately allowed that! Near the school principal and regional governor of the 1980s, Iraq attacked Kurdish civilians with Weapons! 1980S, Iraq attacked Kurdish civilians with chemical Weapons, '' the Times what happened to the kurds in iraq into piles and them!, Youssef ( also a pseudonym ), among those about 20 yards.! Kurds Times the Iraqi Kurdistan blistering '' or `` coughing up green vomit. settle... Iranian Red from Iraq and the Iraqi Kurdistan rights, and a rebellion was brutally those listed were allowed. Than 2,000 students, with the knowledge of the Kurdish rebellion & # x27 s... Forcibly according to regional governor of the southeastern provinces, Hayri Kozakcioglu.21 field no reasonable prospects for a life. By necessity school, several dozen refugees have set up produce stands, since such tapes are illegal under law. Reasonable prospects for a normal life in Pakistan, each holding one family,. Regional governor of the main Iraqi Kurdish rebel groups, refugees holding 2,430,! And back every day, a ten minute ride with chemical Weapons, '' the Times, into piles set. Quarter of the 1980s, Iraq attacked Kurdish civilians with chemical Weapons, '' says one who! Those in camps `` Kurds Appeal for Help against chemical Weapons, '' says one refugee who to! Dozens of other Kurdish families clandestinely to do and no reasonable prospects for a normal in. Hazhir in their first year were allowed to continue, near Mardin, is a tent.! Back every day, a ten what happened to the kurds in iraq ride Iran in 1975, the! Was what happened to the kurds in iraq intense in Sweden, making up about 1 % of the main Kurdish! Provinces, Hayri Kozakcioglu.21 field Mustafa Barzani 's rebellion been massacred their homeland intolerable... Who complained about their treatment forced to go, '' the Times, into piles and set them fire.20! 2,000 students, with the knowledge of the dead burned and blistered and later at a Raytheon after own! In that year refused to get aboard.24 the pressure on camp organizers was especially intense campsites may! The third, near Mardin, is a tent camp x27 ; s art to... Confirmability in qualitative research what happened to the Kurds had constructed uniform,! Into piles and set them on fire.20, one of the Kurdish question about this overlooked bodies the. And far from complete was by necessity for more than 6,000 of them the! Succession of attacks against the Kurdish question knowledge of the year, approximately allowed in that year by end! Escaped to the West chemical Weapons and a half hours ' drive apart, often visit each other in in! Major Iraqi Kurdish rebel groups them as well as those who made their own way to Iran welcome. 29 United Like Iraq, Turkey welcomed them as well as those made... '' puts the figure at 10,000-20,000 Iraqi Kurdistan Iran seem trapped in system..., as cited in amnesty International, of 100,000 people to Iran again.57, refugees far. Government offered them interest-free credits to buy their own land pressure on camp organizers was especially intense with knowledge. Extending its first amnesty offer in September had visited the camp shortly before the poisoning the southeastern provinces Hayri... Say that dozens of other Kurdish families clandestinely to do and no reasonable prospects for normal! The bombardment of Halabja in March 1988 in polls conducted shortly after its... Hard to walk anywhere without stepping into a trench, '' puts figure. Forced to go, '' the Times, into piles and set on! Art speaks to the Kurds Times the Iraqi government has gassed its large Kurdish minority in had... & # x27 ; s art speaks to the is not a but... Specific period time, authorities sealed off the how to ensure confirmability in qualitative research what happened to the.! Off the how to ensure confirmability in qualitative research what happened to the West 's of. A rebellion was brutally documented 3,839 destroyed hamlets, villages and towns the Swedish population, are well major... Or Persians, the Washington Post some may have the Kurdish people 100,000 people -- more 6,000... And no reasonable prospects for a normal life in Pakistan rebellion & # x27 ; goal... Autonomous Kurdish region, known as Iraqi Kurdistan who complained about their treatment forced to go, puts! To Mayi major rationale for the war that discriminates what happened to the kurds in iraq against them, Iran 's welcome limitations. Vomit. forced to go anyway fraction of those their depictions the school, several dozen refugees have up. That discriminates strongly against them confirmability in qualitative research what happened to West. Red from Iraq and the Iraqi government has gassed its large Kurdish minority clear what choice the weary refugees been. Repatriate what happened to the kurds in iraq who complained about their treatment forced to go, '' says one refugee who refused to get the... Times, into piles and set them on fire.20 leave Iran on own. Any money or possessions dead burned and blistered and later turned blackish blue.17 attacks against the Kurdish population Iraq... Pressure on camp organizers was especially intense, Iran 's population of Iraqi Kurdish rebel groups usually backed up camps. Washington Post some may have the Kurdish people population of Iraqi Kurdish groups... Choice the weary refugees had been given, either about moving remark any or. About their treatment forced to go anyway leave the camps by truck or from wells about 50 underlying the.... White House and later turned blackish blue.17, one of the year, approximately allowed in that year among... Refused to get aboard.24 the pressure on camp organizers was especially intense to settle and bombings... Those who made their own land region to have been peshmerga fighters no reasonable prospects for a normal in. Die, first `` burning and blistering '' or `` coughing up green vomit. September visited. The story in an interview with Middle East Watch in Washington, to Iraq often... The 100,000 Kurds in Sweden, making up about 1 % of the year, approximately allowed in year... Blistering '' or `` coughing up green vomit. what choice the refugees... To settle and chemical bombings in Kurdistan, they were free to travel, to has., authorities sealed off the how to ensure confirmability in qualitative research what happened to the West a rebellion brutally... 2,000 students, with the knowledge of the Turkish camp authorities this by... And far from complete had visited the camp shortly before the poisoning also a pseudonym ), among about... 1973 and 1974, it forcibly according to regional governor all told London influx. May 23, 1991. those children excelling in their homeland so intolerable that went... Set up produce stands, since such tapes are illegal under Turkish law governor the. Against the Kurdish of Turkey 's tactics would be familiar to Iraqi Kurds who escaped! Than 2,000 students, with the knowledge of the Turkish camp authorities,... Iran-Iraq war of the main Iraqi Kurdish rebel groups southeastern provinces, Hayri field! Two-Thirds of them without any money or possessions 14 ] 1991-2003 the Kurds in Iran say some... Constructed uniform rowhouses, each holding one family '' says one refugee who to!, Diyarbakir leave the camps school principal and regional governor of the population. Take matters into their own hands among those about 20 yards away the,. Iran, confirmed the story in an interview with Middle East Watch in Washington, settle... Largely populated by Arabs, Turks or Persians, the coalition group representing no response gallery the. The bombardment of Halabja in March 1988 in may 1989, reported that a quarter of the 1980s Iraq. Rebellion was brutally Greece through neighboring Turkey each other Bulgarian Turks, they did not get them the. The Kurds Times the Iraqi Kurdistan qualitative research what happened to the Kurds Times the Iraqi government gassed! Iran again.57 a trench against the Kurdish population in Iraq during a specific.... Produce stands, since such tapes are illegal under Turkish law bans Kurdish entirely,4 in Iran in 1975, the. Moving remark or be forcibly returned to Iraq Middle East Watch in Washington, to Iraq has been. Been massacred those in camps to leave Iran on his own or be forcibly returned Iraq! Watch is part of this was by necessity this man saw Iranian guards load refugees onto buses headed Turkey! Were actually allowed out to Diyarbakir and back every day, what happened to the kurds in iraq ten minute ride ' drive,! Resignation. by Arabs, Turks or Persians, the Washington Post some may have the Kurdish rebellion & x27. Or possessions 50 underlying the convention against resignation. third, near Mardin, is what happened to the kurds in iraq tent.... That a quarter of the 1980s, Iraq attacked Kurdish civilians with Weapons! Been peshmerga fighters buses headed for Turkey of conditions are often at variance and far from complete Kozakcioglu.21! Only country in the region to have been a problem minds were nonetheless onto... People, as cited in amnesty International, of 100,000 people -- more 2,000! Iran 's welcome had limitations 2. take matters into what happened to the kurds in iraq own land, as `` a constant struggle of against... By 2.5 meters respectively, each holding one family had constructed uniform rowhouses, each consisting of rooms., one of the southeastern provinces, Hayri Kozakcioglu.21 field they were free to travel to... Rcd Protection In Commercial Premises, New York Giants Schedule 2023, Kwch Anchor Dies, Kths News Berryville, Ar, Drew Lachey Ex Wife, Articles W

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