south african surname origins

Aguer (South Sudanese origin) means "tree". The Jewish population of South Africa in 1880 numbered approximately 4,000; by 1914 it had grown to more than 40,000, mostly migrants from Lithuania. Gill: Gill is a Punjabi surname. It caused the consolidation of groups such as the Matebele, the Mfengu and the Makololo. [194][195][196], Organised resistance to Afrikaner nationalism was not confined exclusively to activists of the oppressed, dark-skinned population. The four expeditions Gordon undertook between 1777 and 1786 are recorded in a series of several hundred drawings known collectively as the Gordon Atlas, as well as in his journals, which were only discovered in 1964. The VOC, one of the major European trading houses sailing the spice route to the East, had no intention of colonizing the area, instead wanting only to establish a secure base camp where passing ships could be serviced and restock on supplies. A key act of legislation during this time was the Homeland Citizens Act of 1970. Cattle rustling ensued and a party of Boers under the leadership of Piet Retief were killed. Afrikaner settlers in particular were loath to live under Moshoesoe's authority and among Africans.[84]. Desiree Hansson, "Changes in counter-revolutionary state strategy in the decade 197989", in Desiree Hansson and Dirk van Zyl Smit (eds.). The effectiveness of the police in foiling the planned coup strengthened public perceptions that the post-1994 democratic order was irreversible. Van der Merwe is a common Afrikaans surname, derived from the Dutch van der Merwen ("from the Merwede"). Luckhoff South African Lupondo South African Luter South African Madia South African South Africa had the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS compared to any other country in the world, with 5,600,000 people afflicted by the disease and 270,000 HIV-related deaths were recorded in 2011. On 12 March 1868, the British parliament declared the Basotho Kingdom a British protectorate and part of the British Empire. Britain had allocated the sum of 1 200 000 British Pounds as compensation to the Dutch settlers, on condition the Dutch farmers had to lodge their claims in Britain as well as the fact that the value of the slaves was many times the allocated amount. [26] Many Portuguese words are still found along the coast of South Africa including Saldanha, Algoa, Natal, Agulhas, Benguela and Lucia. The Zulu people are part of the Nguni tribe and were originally a minor clan in what is today northern KwaZulu-Natal, founded ca. Abeba Sorry, we couldn't find geographic distribution information for South African. Multi-national mining corporations including Anglo-American Corporation, Lonmin, and Anglo Platinum, were accused of failing to address the enduring legacies of apartheid. By that time, more than 2,000,000 children were orphaned due to the epidemic. [161] Apartheid South Africa reacted to the UN arms embargo by strengthening its military ties with Israel, and establishing its own arms manufacturing industry with the help of Israel. No firm boundaries were drawn between the area of white settlement and Moshoeshoe's kingdom, which led to border clashes. [36] This had the effect of forcing more of the Dutch colonists to move (or trek) away from British administrative reach. [52], The South African Republic (Dutch: Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek or ZAR, not to be confused with the much later Republic of South Africa), is often referred to as The Transvaal and sometimes as the Republic of Transvaal. The South African Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging or AWB (meaning Afrikaner Resistance Movement), a militant neo-Nazi, mainly Afrikaner white supremacist movement that arose in the 1970s, and was active until the mid-1990s, openly used a flag that closely resembled the swastika. They moved about 500 miles eastward, over the Quathlamba (today known as the Drakensberg mountain range), settling ultimately in an area officially designated as "Nomansland", which the Griquas renamed Griqualand East. The language law caused friction, distrust and dissatisfaction. Ledwaba Southern African, South African, Zulu From Zulu meaning "rock". Under the post-apartheid Constitution the president is head of both state and government. The uprising spread throughout the country. [72] East Griqualand was subsequently annexed by Britain in 1874 and incorporated into the Cape Colony in 1879. Pearson Longman. [145], The early-1940s saw the pro-Nazi Ossewa Brandwag (OB) movement become half-a-million strong, including future prime minister John Vorster and Hendrik van den Bergh, the future head of police intelligence. By the end of the siege, about three weeks later, Mokopane and between 1,000 and 3,000 people had died in the caves. [243] South Africa received more than 207,000 individual asylum applications in 2008 and a further 222,300 in 2009, representing nearly a four-fold rise in both years over the levels seen in 2007. Smith: A common name of English origin, Smith means someone who works with metal. The meaning of this strong African boys' name makes it ideal for the first son of a family that has Ibibio ancestry. Meaning: 'Lion.' 3. [42] Most historians recognise that the Mfecane wasn't just a series of events caused by the founding of the Zulu kingdom but rather a multitude of factors caused before and after Shaka Zulu came into power. The war is notable for several particularly bloody battles, including an overwhelming victory by the Zulu at the Battle of Isandlwana, as well as for being a landmark in the timeline of imperialism in the region. Fourie, J. Click. [134] The South African government issued no war service medal to the black servicemen and the special medal issued by King George V to "native troops" that served the Empire, the British War Medal in bronze, was disallowed and not issued to the SANLC. [172][173], South African security forces during the latter part of the apartheid era had a policy of destabilising neighbouring states, supporting opposition movements, conducting sabotage operations and attacking ANC bases and places of refuge for exiles in those states. These refugees and asylum seekers originated mainly from Zimbabwe, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia. The stat was also shown on television, which . [248], Police and military authorities were mobilised to quell the unrest. If you wish to find out what records South African Ancestry has for a specific family or surname then please enter the relevant surname or maiden name in the relevant field below and click on "search" to see a full list of our available records. Passenger lists are your ticket to knowing when your ancestors arrived in the USA, and how they made the journey - from the ship name to ports of arrival and departure. [55] The name Orange Free State was again changed to the Orange River Colony, created by Britain after the latter occupied it in 1900 and then annexed it in 1902 during the Second Boer War. Meaning "lynx" in English. This list may not reflect recent changes . South African surnames. [90], Other members of the Ndebele ethnic language group in different areas of the region similarly came into conflict with the Voortrekkers, notably in the area that would later become the Northern Transvaal. Information department, Government of Lesotho. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Meaning: 'Child that keeps coming or reincarnation.' 5. The settlers, incorrectly, believed that the Cape Colony administration had taken the money due to them as payment for freeing their slaves. [197], From the 1940s to the 1960s, anti-apartheid resistance within the country took the form mainly of passive resistance, influenced in part by the pacifist ideology of Mahatma Gandhi. Smuts also signed the Paris Peace Treaty, resolving the peace in Europe, thus becoming the only signatory of both the treaty ending the First World War, and that which ended the Second.[140]. It developed into the largest kingdom in the sub-continent before it was abandoned because of climatic changes in the 14th century. BP Willan, "The South African Native Labour Contingent, 19161918". One of our 3 capital cities is also . [157], Although many important events occurred during this period, apartheid remained the central pivot around which most of the historical issues of this period revolved, including violent conflict and the militarisation of South African society. British policy with regard to South Africa would vacillate with successive governments, but the overarching imperative throughout the 19th century was to protect the strategic trade route to India while incurring as little expense as possible within the colony. Abebe - Origin: Ethiopian. FamilyEducation does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Under the leadership of a former slave named Adam Kok, these "coloureds" or Basters (meaning mixed race or multiracial) as they were named by the Dutcha word derived from baster, meaning "bastard"[68]started trekking northward into the interior, through what is today named Northern Cape Province. [114] The decision was made to start importing Chinese indentured labourers who were prepared to work for far less wages than local African labourers. However, there was competition for land, and this tension led to skirmishes in the form of cattle raids from 1779. Popular South African Surnames and Meanings Abara - This surname is of Igbo origin and it means "spirit." Adebisi - The meaning of this last name is "the king" and it is of Yoruba origin. The commission charged by agents was the same as the payment for one slave, thus those settlers only claiming for one slave would receive nothing. He withdrew from the area and led his people northwards to what would later become the Matabele region of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). [14][15][16] The initial origin of the Khoikhoi remains uncertain.[17][18]. It is among the most common African last names. A short lifespan might also indicate health problems that were once prevalent in your family. Scientists researching the periods before written historical records were made have established that the territory of what is now referred to generically as South Africa was one of the important centers of human evolution. From the outset of hostilities in October 1899 to the signing of peace on 31 May 1902 the war claimed the lives of 22,000 imperial soldiers and 7,000 republican fighters. The official statistics of blacks killed in action are inaccurate. Concentration camp superintendents did not always record the deaths of black inmates in the camps.[123]. Some members of the Torch Commando subsequently became leading figures in the armed wing of the banned African National Congress. The first 1,000 indentured Chinese labourers arrived in June 1904. 'The significance of the Cape trade route to economic activity in the Cape Colony: a medium-term business cycle analysis', European Review of Economic History, 14 (2010), pp. Others said it was not relevant to the struggle for their rights. In the late 15th and early 16th centuries, Portuguese mariners, who were the first Europeans at the Cape, encountered pastoral Khoikhoi with livestock. Abimbola: Kruger reacted by forming an alliance with the neighbouring Boer republic of Orange Free State. Its underground cells conducted armed robberies to raise funds and obtain weapons and vehicles. Nelson Mandela was elected as President on 9 May 1994 and formed a Government of National Unity, consisting of the ANC, the National Party and Inkatha. [89] The country was subsequently named Basutoland and is presently named Lesotho. Afrikaners were split, with some like Botha and Smuts taking a prominent leadership role in the British war effort. The weaker and less-skilled Dingaan became king, relaxing military discipline while continuing the despotism. The Ibibio name Akpan means firstborn son. Lennet South African Letesha South African Louw Afrikaans Louw is a surname that has pre 7th century Germanic origins. [87] Faced with starvation, Moshoeshoe signed a peace treaty on 15 October 1858, though crucial boundary issues remained unresolved. The discoveries also led to new conflicts culminating in open warfare between the Boer settlers and the British Empire, fought essentially for control over the nascent South African mining industry. [better source needed]The progenitors of the extended clan were Maria Kickers, her first partner Ferdinands Appel, and her later husband Frederich Botha. His impis (warrior regiments) were rigorously disciplined: failure in battle meant death.[46]. Over several hundred years, borders have been made, changed and broken, making family history difficult to trace. As Cape Prime Minister, Rhodes curtailed the multi-racial franchise, and his expansionist policies set the stage for the Second Boer War. Since then, the African National Congress has governed South Africa, in an alliance with the South African Communist Party and the Congress of South African Trade Unions. Ahishakiye (Rwandan origin) meaning "whenever God wants". Census records can tell you a lot of little known facts about your South African ancestors, such as occupation. Alternatively, if you wish to search for a specific person then please enter the details in the . Sizwe m Southern African, Xhosa. The Great Trek. The apartheid-era South African military and political intelligence services, for their part, worked closely with American, British and West German secret services throughout the Cold War. -- 262 p. CS3080.S6 R6 Bibliography: p. 261-262. [203], Hundreds of students and others who fled to neighbouring countries, especially Botswana, to avoid arrest after the Soweto uprising of 16 June 1976, provided a fertile recruiting ground for the military wings of both the ANC and PAC. [124] In terms of the peace agreement known as the Treaty of Vereeniging, the Boer republics acknowledged British sovereignty, while the British in turn committed themselves to reconstruction of the areas under their control. Like the Dutch before them, the British initially had little interest in the Cape Colony, other than as a strategically located port. du Toit is an Afrikaans surname of French origin, originally from Franois du Toit, a Huguenot who moved to South Africa in 1686. Following the defeat of the Boers in the AngloBoer or South African War (18991902), the Union of South Africa was created as a self-governing dominion of the British Empire on 31 May 1910 in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Colony of Natal, Transvaal Colony, and Orange River Colony. [43][44][24], In 1818, Nguni tribes in Zululand created a militaristic kingdom between the Tugela River and Pongola River, under the driving force of Shaka kaSenzangakhona, son of the chief of the Zulu clan. The establishment of the staging post by the Dutch East India Company at the Cape in 1652 soon brought the Khoikhoi into conflict with Dutch settlers over land ownership. In March 1858, after land disputes, cattle rustling and a series of raids and counter-raids, the Orange Free State declared war on the Basotho kingdom, which it failed to defeat. "[185] The Angolan government described the target of the attack as a refugee camp. Ade is a Yoruba name meaning crown. [41] Another theory attributes the epicentre of Zulu violence to the slave trade out of Delgoa Bay in Mozambique situated to the north of Zululand. 21,000 of them were deployed to France as stevedores at French ports, where they were housed in segregated compounds. [177][178] In response to the South African intervention, Cuba sent 18,000 soldiers as part of a large-scale military intervention nicknamed Operation Carlota in support of the MPLA. [181][182][183], Between 1975 and 1988, the SADF continued to stage massive conventional raids into Angola and Zambia to eliminate PLAN's forward operating bases across the border from Namibia as well as provide support for UNITA. The cash-strapped post-apartheid government was obliged to repay this debt or else face a credit downgrading by foreign financial institutions. Kaiser Wilhelm's government arranged for the two Boer Republics to purchase modern breech-loading Mauser rifles and millions of smokeless gunpowder cartridges. [138] By August 1945, South African Air Force aircraft in conjunction with British and Dutch aircraft stationed in South Africa had intercepted 17 enemy ships, assisted in the rescue of 437 survivors of sunken ships, attacked 26 of the 36 enemy submarines operating the vicinity of the South African coast, and flown 15,000 coastal patrol sorties. [210] Both sides were forced to the negotiating table, with the result that in June 1991, all apartheid laws were finally rescinded- opening the way for the country's first multiracial democratic elections three years later. By June 1900, Pretoria, the last of the major Boer towns, had surrendered. Ransford, Oliver. -- Cape Town : H. Timmins, 1965. The prisoners were mainly members of the Pan Africanist Congress and United Democratic Front.[209]. It means "leaves" (verb) in Swahili. 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